Video Worksheet: The Cove

1. The main defender of dolphins is Rick O'Barry
3. Rick O'Barry became involved with trying to save dolphins because in his opinion, he contributed to their popularity which led to their cruel treatment.
5. Dolphins are in the mammalian order of cetacean.
7. The small islands in the Caribbean is supporting whaling because the Japanese is paying them to support whaling.
9. Some dolphins are stabbed to slow them down.
11. The main point of this movie was to inform people about the horrible Japanese practice and the issues with eating dolphin meat.
13. Biomagnification occurs when the concentration of the toxic substance is increased all the way to the food chain.
15. The fishermen refuse to stop despite being offered payment because they see killing dolphins as pest control. They think dolphins eat all the fish in the ocean and contribute to their declining numbers.
17. They disguise cameras by making them look like the rocks found near the cove.
19. When the Deputy of Fisheries claim that the dolphins were killed humanely, one of the crew members showed the Deputy the secret footage of the cruel slaughtering of the dolphins.
21. When the two divers first saw the cove, they witnessed a struggling bleeding dolphin taking its last breath.

Photosynthesis vs Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis: Synthesizing molecules from smaller components in order to store energy, requires energy in the process.
- Noncyclic Photophosphorylation

• P680 absorbs a photon, the excited electron goes to b6-f complex, then to P700 where electrons get excited by NADP reductase to reduce NAP+.
• Oxygen and NADPH are formed
• can produce ATP

- Cyclic Photophosphorylation:

• electron in P700 is excited by a photon, instead of being used to reduce NADP+ like in noncyclic photophosphorylation, electrons from Fd is passed to b6-f complex and back to P700.
• no NADPH or oxygen if formed
• can produce more ATP the little NADP is available.

- Calvin Cycle (light-independent):

• rubisco fixs CO2 and RuBP(5C) to become 2 PGA(3C) ---> 2 BPG(3C) ---> 2 G3P(3C)
• some G3P are used to make glucose, others recycled(G3Px2---> 1 glucose)
• uses ATP and NADPH

Cellular Respiration: breaking down complex molecules into smaller units, releasing energy.
 - Glycolysis:

• Glucose---> Glucose 6-phosphate ---> Fructose 6-phosphate ---> Fructose 1,6-phosphate ---> G3P---> 2 BPG ---> 3PG---> 2PG ---> 2 PEP --->2 pyruvate
• 2 ATP consumes, 4 ATP produced, 2 H2O produced

- Kreb's Cycle

• OXAL(4C) +Acetyl-CoA(2C) --->CIT(6C) ---> ISO(6C) --->alphaKG(5C) ---> Succinyl-CoA(4C) --->SUC(4C) ---> FUM(4C) ---> MAL(4C) ---> OXAL(4C)
• produces 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2

- Electron Tranport Chain:

• 2H+ ---> 1 ATP
• NADH passes 2 electrons to NADH dehydrogenase ---> bc1 complex ---> Cytochrome oxidase complex => 6 H+ 1 NADP ---> 3 ATP, 24 ATP(2 NADP from glycolysis behaves like FADH2)
• FADH2 passes 2 electrons to bc1 complex ---> Cytochrome oxidase complex => 4H+ 1 FADH2 ---> 2 ATP, 8 ATP